Deficiency Judgment

From Lawsuit to Wage Garnishment

How a Deficiency Judgment Is Obtained

The lender files a lawsuit for the deficiency. If you do not respond, a default judgment is entered. The lender must prove the deficiency amount and that the sale was commercially reasonable.

Enforcement Methods

With a judgment, the creditor can: garnish wages (up to 25% of disposable income), levy bank accounts, place liens on real property, and in some states seize non-exempt personal property.

Judgment Proof Status

If your income is from Social Security, disability, or other exempt sources and you have no non-exempt assets, you may be judgment proof. Bankruptcy permanently eliminates the judgment debt.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can they garnish my wages?

In most states, yes, after obtaining a judgment. Federal law limits garnishment to 25% of disposable earnings. Texas, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and North Carolina severely restrict wage garnishment.

Can they take money from my bank account?

Yes, through a bank levy. However, Social Security, disability, veterans benefits, and other government benefits are exempt. Banks must protect two months of exempt benefits automatically.

How long does a deficiency judgment last?

Typically 10-20 years, renewable in most states. Bankruptcy is often the most effective way to permanently eliminate it.

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About This Data: Content based on federal bankruptcy law (Title 11, U.S. Code) and the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act. This is educational content, not legal advice.